Aluminium yog nyob txhua qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau hnav cov qauv los yog siab thermal thiab hluav taws xob conductivity. Cov kis las kis las muaj ib qho txhuas lub tog raj kheej thaiv, lub taub hau, thiab crankcases, ntxiv rau welded aluminium chassis thiab swingarm. Nyob rau hauv lub cav, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm aluminium daim ntawv thov yog nws cov pistons, uas los ntawm kev ua cua sov kom zoo muaj peev xwm ciaj sia raug rau combustion kub nyob deb tshaj lawv melting point. Lub log, lub tshuab ua kom txias thiab roj radiators, tes levers thiab lawv cov brackets, sab saum toj thiab (feem ntau) hauv qab diav rawg crowns, sab saum toj diav rawg (hauv USD diav rawg), nres calipers, thiab tus tswv lub tog raj kheej yog zoo li txhuas.

Peb txhua tus tau saib hauv kev qhuas ntawm ib qho txhuas chassis uas nws cov welds zoo ib yam li cov lus dab neeg poob ntawm poker chips. Qee lub chassis thiab swingarms, xws li Aprilia's ob-stroke 250 racers, yog cov duab zoo nkauj.

Aluminium tuaj yeem ua alloyed thiab kub-kho kom muaj zog ntau dua li cov hlau me me (60,000 psi tensile), tab sis feem ntau alloys tshuab sai thiab yooj yim. Aluminium kuj tuaj yeem raug cam khwb cia, forged, los yog extruded (uas yog li cas ib co chassis sab beams yog ua). Aluminium lub siab kub conductivity ua rau nws vuam yuav tsum tau ntau amperage, thiab cov hlau kub yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm atmospheric oxygen los ntawm inert-gas shielding (TIG los yog heli-arc).

Txawm hais tias txhuas xav tau hluav taws xob ntau los yeej los ntawm nws cov bauxite ore, thaum nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hlau, nws raug nqi me ntsis rau rov ua dua thiab tsis ploj mus rau xeb, raws li cov hlau tuaj yeem ua tau.

Cov neeg tsim khoom thaum ntxov ntawm lub cav maus taus sai sai tau txais cov hlau tshiab rau crankcases, uas yuav tsis muaj cov hlau cam khwb cia hnyav ze li peb zaug ntxiv. Ntshiab txhuas yog mos heev—Kuv nco qab kuv niam txoj kev npau taws ntawm kuv txiv siv nws 1,100-alloy ob-boiler ua ib qho improvised BB ntxiab: Nws hauv qab los ua ib tug loj ntawm dimples.

Lub zog ntxiv ntawm cov hlau yooj yim nrog tooj liab tau pom sai sai, thiab nws yog ib qho hlau uas nws pib pioneer WO Bentley siv nyob rau hauv nws pre-World War I sim aluminium pistons. Hauv kev sim rov qab-rau-rov qab tiv thaiv cov cam khwb cia-hlau pistons tom qab ntawd tseem ceeb, Bentley thawj zaug sim txhuas pistons tam sim ntawd txhawb zog. Lawv khiav txias dua, ua kom sov cov roj-cua sib tov tsawg dua, thiab khaws cia ntau dua ntawm nws qhov ceev. Niaj hnub no, txhuas piston yog universally siv nyob rau hauv nws pib thiab maus taus cav.

Kom txog rau thaum tuaj txog ntawm Boeing cov carbon-fiber reinforced-yas 787 airliner, nws yog ib qho yooj yim qhov tseeb ntawm aviation uas yuav luag txhua lub dav hlau qhov hnyav hnyav yog 60 feem pua ​​​​ntawm txhuas. Saib ntawm tus txheeb ze qhov hnyav thiab qhov muaj zog ntawm txhuas thiab hlau, qhov no thaum xub thawj zoo li khib. Yog lawm, txhuas hnyav tsuas yog 35 feem pua ​​​​ntau npaum li cov hlau, ntim rau ntim, tab sis cov hlau muaj zog yog tsawg kawg peb zaug ntau dua li cov hlau muaj zog. Vim li cas ho tsis tsim cov dav hlau tawm ntawm cov hlau nyias?

Nws los txog rau kev tiv thaiv rau buckling ntawm sib npaug cov qauv ntawm txhuas thiab hlau. Yog hais tias peb pib nrog txhuas thiab steel tubes ntawm tib qhov hnyav ib ko taw, thiab peb txo cov phab ntsa thickness, lub steel tube buckles ua ntej vim nws cov khoom, tsuas yog ib feem peb li tuab li cov txhuas, muaj ntau npaum li cas nws tus kheej bracing muaj peev xwm.

Thaum xyoo 1970s, kuv tau ua haujlwm nrog tus tsim qauv Frank Camillieri. Thaum kuv nug nws tias vim li cas peb tsis siv cov hlau loj dua ntawm cov phab ntsa nyias los ua kom sib zog, tawv tawv, nws hais tias, "Thaum koj ua li ntawd, koj pom tias koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib pawg ntawm cov khoom rau cov khoom xws li cav mounts. ua kom lawv tsis txhob tawg, kom qhov hnyav poob ploj. "

Kawasaki thawj zaug tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm nws lub Hoobkas MX tsheb kauj vab thaum ntxov 1970s; lwm tus ua raws li. Tom qab ntawd xyoo 1980, Yamaha muab Kenny Roberts rau ntawm 500 ob-stroke GP tsheb kauj vab uas nws cov thav duab tau tsim los ntawm square-section extruded txhuas raj. Ntau qhov kev sim tsim qauv tsim nyog, tab sis thaum kawg, siv cov tswv yim ntawm Spanish engineer Antonio Cobas, Yamaha's GP txoj kev sib tw thav ntawv hloov mus rau hauv cov kab sib tw loj loj uas paub txog niaj hnub no.

Muaj tseeb tiag muaj kev vam meej chassis ntawm lwm hom - Ducati's steel-tube "trellis" rau ib qho, thiab John Britten "s tawv nqaij thiab pob txha" carbon-fiber chassis ntawm thaum ntxov 1990s. Tab sis ntxaib aluminium beam chassis tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb niaj hnub no. Kuv ntseeg siab tias lub chassis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov plywood molded, yog tias nws muaj cov ntsiab lus bolting ruaj khov thiab cov pov thawj geometry ib txwm muaj.

Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thiab txhuas yog cov hlau muaj qhov hu ua qaug zog txwv: qib kev ntxhov siab ua haujlwm hauv qab uas lub neej ntawm ib feem yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis kawg. Feem ntau cov aluminium alloys tsis muaj kev qaug zog, uas yog vim li cas aluminium airframes yog "ua neej nyob" rau ntau lub sijhawm siv. Hauv qab no txwv, steel zam txim rau peb peb trespasses, tab sis txhuas nco ntsoov tag nrho cov insults nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm invisible sab hauv qaug zog puas.

Qhov zoo nkauj GP chassis ntawm xyoo 1990 tsis tuaj yeem yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim khoom loj. Cov chassis muaj cov khoom welded ua ke los ntawm machined, nias, thiab cam khwb cia-aluminium ntsiab. Tsis tsuas yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis nws xav kom tag nrho peb cov alloys sib koom ua ke. Vuam raug nqi nyiaj thiab sijhawm, txawm tias ua los ntawm cov neeg hlau ntau lawm.

Cov thev naus laus zis uas tau ua rau niaj hnub no lub teeb yuag plaub-mob stroke engine thiab cam khwb cia chassis ua tau yog qhov qis-turbulence pwm-filling txoj kev uas tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm txhuas oxide uas tam sim no tsim ntawm molten aluminium. Cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo li no ua rau thaj tsam ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlau uas, yav dhau los, yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog ntau dua kom ua tiav lub zog txaus. Cam khwb cia qhov chaw los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab no tuaj yeem nyuaj heev, tsis tau niaj hnub no aluminium chassis tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke nrog welds suav tau ntawm ib sab tes. Nws yog kwv yees tias cov txheej txheem casting tshiab txuag 30 lossis ntau dua phaus ntawm qhov hnyav hauv cov maus taus ntau lawm.

Ua ke nrog ntau yam steels, txhuas yog ib qho yooj yim workhorse ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej, tab sis nws yog ntau tshaj li ntawd rau niaj hnub maus taus. Nws yog nqaij ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab, yog li ubiquitous uas peb nyuam qhuav pom nws lossis lees paub ntau npaum li cas ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm peb tshuav rau nws.