Isingeniso sombhobho wensimbi: intsimbi enecandelo elingenanto kunye nobude bayo bukhulu kakhulu kunobubanzi okanye umjikelezo. Ngokwemilo yecandelo, ihlukaniswe kwiibhobho zetsimbi ezijikelezayo, zesikwere, ezixande kunye nezikhethekileyo; Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, yahlulwe kumbhobho wensimbi ye-carbon structural, i-alloy low structural steel pipe, i-alloy iron pipe kunye ne-composite steel pipe; Ngokwenjongo, yahlulwe kwimibhobho yentsimbi yokuhambisa umbhobho, ubunjineli bobunjineli, izixhobo ze-thermal, imboni yepetrochemical, ukuveliswa koomatshini, ukugaya i-geological, izixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, njl. Ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa, yahlulwe ibe yipayipi yentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wahlulwe waba kuqengqeleka ashushu kunye nokuqengqeleka okubandayo (umzobo), kwaye umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo othe tye kunye nomthungo ojikelezayo wentsimbi.

Umbhobho wentsimbi awusetyenziselwa nje ukuhambisa ulwelo kunye nomgubo oqinileyo, ukutshintshisa amandla obushushu, ukuvelisa iinxalenye zoomatshini kunye nezikhongozeli, kodwa kunye nentsimbi yezoqoqosho. Ukusebenzisa umbhobho wentsimbi ukwenza igridi yesakhiwo sesakhiwo, intsika kunye nenkxaso yomatshini kunokunciphisa ubunzima, ukonga isinyithi ngama-20 ~ 40%, kunye nokuqonda ukwakhiwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye noomatshini. Ukuvelisa iibhulorho zeNdlela ePhakamileyo ezinemibhobho yentsimbi ayikwazi nje ukugcina intsimbi kunye nokwenza lula ulwakhiwo, kodwa nokunciphisa kakhulu indawo yokukhusela kunye nokugcina iindleko zotyalo-mali kunye nokugcinwa. Ngendlela yokuvelisa

Imibhobho yentsimbi inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini ngokweendlela zokuvelisa: imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo. Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo ibizwa ngokuba yimibhobho edityanisiweyo ngokufutshane.

1. Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa, umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo unokwahlulwa ube: umbhobho oshushu oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo, umbhobho otsalwa ngokubanda, umbhobho wentsimbi ochanekileyo, umbhobho owandisiweyo oshushu, umbhobho ojikelezayo obandayo kunye nombhobho okhutshiweyo.

Iinyanda zemibhobho yentsimbi

Iinyanda zemibhobho yentsimbi

Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo wenziwa nge-carbon steel high-quality okanye i-alloy steel, enokuthi ihlulwe ibe yi-hot rolling kunye ne-cold rolling (umzobo).

2. Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo wahlulwe kwipayipi ye-furnace welding, i-welding yombane (i-resistance welding) ipayipi kunye ne-automatic arc welded pipe ngenxa yeenkqubo ze-welding ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda, yahlulwe yaba ngumbhobho odityanisiweyo othe tye kunye nombhobho odityanisiweyo. Ngenxa yokuma kwayo kokuphela, yahlulwe kumbhobho odityanisiweyo wesetyhula kunye nohlobo olukhethekileyo (isikwere, isicaba, njl. njl.) umbhobho odityanisiweyo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo wenziwe ngepleyiti yentsimbi esongiweyo edityaniswe ngomthungo wempundu okanye i-spiral seam. Ngokwemigaqo yokwenziwa kwendlela yokuvelisa, ikwahlulwe kumbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo wokuhanjiswa kolwelo oluphantsi koxinzelelo, umbhobho wentsimbi ojikelezayo, umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo, umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo, njl njl. kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Imibhobho edibeneyo ingasetyenziselwa imibhobho yamanzi, iipayipi zegesi, iipayipi zokufudumeza, iipayipi zombane, njl.

Ukuhlelwa kwezinto

Umbhobho wentsimbi unokwahlulwa ube ngumbhobho wekhabhoni, umbhobho wealloyi kunye nombhobho wentsimbi engenasici ngokwesixhobo sombhobho (okt ibakala lentsimbi).

Umbhobho wekhabhoni unokwahlulwa ube ngumbhobho wentsimbi oqhelekileyo wekhabhoni kunye nombhobho okumgangatho ophezulu wekhabhoni wesakhiwo.

Umbhobho we-alloy unokwahlulwa ube: umbhobho we-alloy ophantsi, umbhobho wesakhiwo se-alloy, umbhobho we-alloy ophezulu kunye nombhobho wamandla aphezulu. Umbhobho wokuthwala, ubushushu kunye ne-asidi yokumelana nombhobho ongenasici, i-alloy echanekileyo (efana ne-kovar alloy) umbhobho kunye nombhobho we-superalloy, njl.

Ulwahlulo lwendlela yoqhagamshelo

Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa yokuphela kombhobho, umbhobho wensimbi unokwahlulwa ube: umbhobho ogudileyo (isiphelo sombhobho ngaphandle kwentambo) kunye nombhobho wokuthunga (ukuphela kombhobho ngentambo).

Umbhobho wokuthunga wahlulwe kumbhobho oqhelekileyo wokuthunga kunye nombhobho wokuthunga ojiyileyo ekupheleni kombhobho.

Imibhobho yokuthunga engqindilili inokwahlulwa ibe: ijiyelwe ngaphandle (ngemisonto yangaphandle), ijiyelwe ngaphakathi (ngemisonto yangaphakathi) kwaye ijiyelwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle (ngemisonto yangaphakathi nangaphandle).

Ngokohlobo lwentambo, umbhobho wokudibanisa unokwahlulwa ube yi-cylindrical okanye intambo ye-conical kunye nentambo ekhethekileyo.

Ukongezelela, ngokweemfuno zabasebenzisi, imibhobho yokudibanisa ihanjiswa ngokubanzi kunye namalungu ombhobho.

Ukuhlelwa kweempawu zeplating

Ngokutsho kweempawu ze-surface plating, iibhobho zetsimbi zinokuhlulwa zibe yimibhobho emnyama (ngaphandle kokutyalwa) kunye nemibhobho edibeneyo.

Imibhobho egqunyiweyo ibandakanya imibhobho eyenziwe ngegalvanized, imibhobho ene-aluminiyam, imibhobho ecwecwe ngechromium, imibhobho eyenziwe ngealuminiyam kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi eneminye imigangatho yealloyi.

Imibhobho egqunyiweyo ibandakanya imibhobho egqunywe ngaphandle, imibhobho egqunywe ngaphakathi kunye nemibhobho egqunywe ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Iingubo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iplastiki, i-epoxy resin, i-coal tar epoxy resin kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeglasi ezichasene nezixhobo zokugquma.

Umbhobho weGalvanized wahlulwe kumbhobho we-KBG, umbhobho we-JDG, umbhobho odibeneyo, njl.

Ukuhlelwa kwenjongo yokuhlelwa

1. Umbhobho wombhobho. Njengemibhobho engenamthungo yamanzi, irhasi kunye nemibhobho yomphunga, imibhobho yothumelo lwe-oyile kunye nemibhobho yeentambo ze-oyile nerhasi. I-Faucet enepayipi yokunkcenkceshela yezolimo kunye nombhobho wokunkcenkceshela ukunkcenkceshela, njl.

2. Imibhobho yezixhobo ezishushu. Okufana nemibhobho yamanzi abilayo kunye nemibhobho yomphunga eshushu kakhulu kwizibiyitha ngokubanzi, imibhobho eshushu kakhulu, imibhobho yomsi emikhulu, imibhobho emincinci yomsi, imibhobho yebhoyila ene-arch kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemibhobho yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwizibiyila zikaloliwe.

3. Umbhobho weshishini loomatshini. Njengombhobho wolwakhiwo wenqwelomoya (umbhobho ongqukuva, umbhobho ombhoxo, umbhobho ombhoxo osicaba), umbhobho we-axle wemoto, umbhobho we-axle wemoto, umbhobho wesakhiwo wetrektara yemoto, umbhobho we-oyile wetrektara opholileyo, umatshini wezolimo umbhobho osisikwere kunye nombhobho oxande, umbhobho we-transformer kunye nombhobho wokuzala, njl. .

4. Imibhobho yepetroleum geological drilling. Okunjena: umbhobho wokomba ioyile, umbhobho wokomba i-oyile (uKelly kunye nombhobho wokomba onamacala amathandathu), iteyiphu yokomba, iityhubhu ye-oyile, iqula le-oyile kunye namalungu ombhobho awahlukeneyo, umbhobho wokomba wejoloji (umbhobho ongundoqo, umbhobho osebenzayo, umbhobho wokomba, ihupu kunye nephini idibeneyo, njl.).

5. Imibhobho yoshishino lweekhemikhali. Okunje: umbhobho wepetroleum wokuqhekeka, umbhobho wokutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye nombhobho wezixhobo zekhemikhali, umbhobho onganyangekiyo we-asidi, umbhobho woxinzelelo oluphezulu lwesichumisi sekhemikhali kunye nombhobho wokuhambisa i-chemical medium, njl.

6. Imibhobho yamanye amasebe. Umzekelo: iityhubhu zemibhobho (iibhubhu zeesilinda zegesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nezikhongozeli eziqhelekileyo), iibhubhu zezixhobo, iibhubhu zeemeko zokubukela, iinaliti zenaliti kunye neetyhubhu zezixhobo zonyango, njl.

Ukuhlelwa kwemilo yecandelo

Iimveliso zemibhobho yensimbi zineentlobo ezininzi zetsimbi kunye neenkcukacha, kunye neemfuno zabo zokusebenza nazo ziyahluka. Zonke ezi kufuneka zahlulwe ngokotshintsho lweemfuno zabasebenzisi okanye iimeko zokusebenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimveliso zemibhobho yensimbi zihlelwa ngokwemilo yecandelo, indlela yokuvelisa, izinto zombhobho, imodi yokudibanisa, iimpawu zokubeka kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Imibhobho yentsimbi inokwahlulwa ibe yimibhobho yentsimbi ejikelezileyo kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi enemilo ekhethekileyo ngokwemilo enqamlezileyo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi owenziwe ngokukhethekileyo ubhekisela kuzo zonke iintlobo zemibhobho yentsimbi enecandelo elingeyiyo i-annular.

Ubukhulu becala zibandakanya: ityhubhu yesikwere, ityhubhu enoxande, ityhubhu engqukuva, ityhubhu engqukuva, ityhubhu enesiqingatha semicircular, ityhubhu ene-hexagonal, ityhubhu yangaphakathi ene-hexagonal, ityhubhu ene-hexagonal engalinganiyo, ityhubhu engunxantathu elinganayo, ityhubhu ye-quincunx enepentagonal, ityhubhu ye-octagonal, ityhubhu yeconvex, ityhubhu ephindwe kabini. ityhubhu yeconcave, ityhubhu yeconcave emininzi, ityhubhu yembewu yemelon, ityhubhu ecaba, ityhubhu yerhombic, inkwenkwezi ityhubhu, ityhubhu yeparalelogram, ityhubhu eneembambo, ityhubhu yokulahla, ityhubhu ye-fin yangaphakathi, i-twist tube, i-B-TUBE D-tube kunye ne-tube ye-multilayer, njl.